Anaemia in children

Anaemia is when the number of red blood cells is lower than it should be. Anaemia can happen if the bone marrow, which makes red blood cells, is affected by cancer or cancer treatments.

What are the symptoms of anaemia?

  • Feeling tired (fatigued), weak and lacking in energy
  • Feeling dizzy and light-headed
  • A fast heartbeat or palpitations, especially when exercising
  • Breathlessness while doing simple tasks
  • Looking pale
  • Aching muscles or joints

What causes anaemia?

Anaemia is when the number of red blood cells is lower than it should be. The red blood cells normally carry oxygen around the body. Anaemia can happen if the bone marrow, which makes red blood cells, is affected by cancer or cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy or radiotherapy. If your child’s red blood cell count is low they may get symptoms.

What should I do if my child has symptoms?

Your child will have regular blood tests to check the level of red blood cells and other blood cells, but talk to your child’s doctor if they have any symptoms. 

How is it treated?

Blood transfusion

A blood transfusion can help your child to feel better if they are anaemic. 

Donated blood will be given into your child’s vein, usually through their central line. This takes several hours. Your child may have more than one transfusion during treatment.

During your child’s transfusion, the nurse will check their blood pressure, pulse and temperature. This is to make sure they don't have a reaction to the blood. Symptoms of a reaction include:

  • Shivering
  • Breathlessness
  • Itch or a rash
  • A rise in temperature

You should tell your nurse immediately if your child has any of these symptoms and they will stop the transfusion.


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Creative arts therapy
For CAYA patients and their siblings from 0-24yrs, to support the psychosocial needs of a young person. This service is available nationwide, at home or as locally as possible.
Julie Wren Complementary therapies
The Irish Cancer Society funds a haven on St John’s Ward in Children’s Health Ireland (CHI) at Crumlin, which provides massage, reflexology, mindfulness and meditation to children.
Parent peer support
Trained volunteers offering emotional and practical support to anyone whose child is going through or finished their treatment.

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