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Skin cancer

Skin cancer is the most common cancer in Ireland, with over 13,000 new cases diagnosed every year. The National Cancer Registry of Ireland (NCRI) expects this number to double by 2040.

Skin cancer is a disease of skin cells. Nine out of every 10 cases are caused by UV rays from the sun or sunbeds. 

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What is skin cancer?

Skin cancer is the most common cancer in Ireland, with over 13,000 new cases diagnosed every year. The National Cancer Registry of Ireland (NCRI) expects this number to double by 2040.

Skin cancer is a disease of skin cells. Nine out of every 10 cases are caused by UV rays from the sun or sunbeds. Over exposure to UV rays, which leads to tanning, redness or burning of the skin, causes damage to skin cells. While much of this damage is repaired some remains and can lead to skin cancer later in life. Reduce your risk by following the SunSmart code.

Early detection is also vital. If spotted early up to 90% of cases are curable. In the case of melanoma skin cancer spotting it early can save your life. For this reason it is important to get to know your skin, check it every month for changes and speak to your doctor if you are worried.

Types of skin cancer

The skin is the largest organ in the body and is made up of two layers:

  • The epidermis is the outer layer
  • The dermis is the inner layer

Skin cancers are generally named after the cells in the skin where they grow. There are two main groups of skin cancer: 

Non-melanoma skin cancers

These are the most common types of skin cancer and include basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas. They tend to grow in areas of the body that have been exposed to the sun and are more common in older people.

It's estimated that an average of 12,000 non-melanoma skin cancers were diagnosed in Ireland during 2018-2020.

What are the symptoms of non-melanoma skin cancer?

Melanoma skin cancer

Melanoma is quite rare but greater numbers of people are being diagnosed with it each year. It is also a disease that affects young people. It's estimated that on average 1,100 melanoma skin cancers were diagnosed in Ireland during 2018-2020. 

Melanoma is one of the most serious forms of skin cancer but if spotted early, it is very treatable. If not, it can spread to other parts of the body and cause serious medical issues. 

What are they symptoms of melanoma skin cancer?

Skin changes to look out for

Skin cancers do not all look the same. They can appear in a number of ways including any of the following:

  • A small lump
  • Flat, red spot
  • Firm, red lump
  • A lump or spot that is tender to touch
  • An ulcer that will not heal
  • A lump with a scaly or horny top
  • Rough, scaly patches
  • A new or changing mole

Take the skin types quiz!

Find out what type of skin you have, and how it affects your skin cancer risk.

Different skin types

More information about skin cancer treatment

If your doctor is suspicious of anything on your skin a sample may be taken and sent for testing. You may also be sent to a see a dermatologist who is a specialist in skin diseases. Treatment of skin cancer can include surgery, laser therapy, radiotherapy and photodynamic therapy. The dermatologist will speak to you about these treatments if necessary.

Looking for support?

Our cancer support section contains information and advice on coping with cancer for diagnosed patients and their loved ones.

Publications about skin cancer
Downloadable booklets and factsheets
Be Skin Smart - Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer
Be skin smart - Signs of non-melanoma skin cancer
Be skin smart! What to look for when you're checking for signs of non-melanoma skin cancer.
An A4 poster to download, share, or print.
Non-melanoma skin cancer leaflet
Non-melanoma skin cancer - What you should know
This leaflet explains what to check for when you're looking for changes that could be non-melanoma skin cancer, the most common kind of skin cancer.
Non-melanoma 2021 cover pic
Non-melanoma skin cancer booklet
This booklet for patients explains in detail what non-melanoma skin cancer is, how it's treated, and what to expect after your treatment.
Be Skin Smart - Melanoma
Be skin smart - Signs of melanoma
Be skin smart! What to look for when you're checking for signs of melanoma.
An A4 poster to download, share, or print.
Melanoma skin cancer leaflet
Melanoma skin cancer - What you should know
This leaflet explains what to check for when you're looking for changes that could be melanoma skin cancer.
Melanoma booklet
Melanoma booklet
Information for melanoma skin cancer patients, including tests, staging, treatment and side-effects, and how to cope.
Be SunSmart poster
Be SunSmart
A poster with four easy steps to reduce your risk of skin cancer. Print or share in your office, school, community centre or group chat. (Available to download only.)
Sunsmart kids 2020
SunSmart kids
A double-sided poster with sun protection tips for parents, carers and people working with children. Print or share in your creche, school, community centre or group chat. (Available to download only.)
ICS Sunsmart Teens A4 poster
SunSmart teens
Double-sided poster/information sheet with sun safety and skin cancer prevention tips for young people, parents and youth workers. Print or share in your school, college, community centre or group chat. (Available to download only.)
SunSmart Outdoor Workers
SunSmart - Outdoor workers
A poster with tips on how to protect your skin when you're working outdoors, particularly if you work in construction, landscaping or agriculture. Print or share in your workplace, staff room, or group chat. (Available to download only.)
Outdoor workers sun safety poster
Outdoor workers poster
Poster to raise awareness of skin cancer among outdoor workers

For more information

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1800 200 700

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